It is 50 years since the Mullard Radio Astronomy Observatory at Lord's Bridge was dedicated. In this lecture, the many pioneering contributions to observational astrophysics and cosmology made at the Observatory will be described and placed in their historical, astrophysical and cosmological context. The story reflects the staggering growth in understanding of all aspects of the origin and evolution of the Universe over the last 50 years. It will be brought right up to date with the most recent results and the plans for the future.